Turn the English your child has built
into skills they can use on Eiken.
Children who have been listening to English since preschool or the early elementary years already hold a great deal of English inside them. Some understand what they hear. Some can tell what is being said from the situation. Some can understand short sentences just as they are. Children arrive at many different levels.
To move on to Eiken (the Test in Practical English Proficiency), children need to connect the English they acquired through listening to print, organize the meanings of words they already know, grasp sentence structure, read passages, and shape their thinking into something they can express.
At Palkids, when children begin preparing for Grade 5, we first connect the English they know through sound to print. As they move toward Grade 4, we organize their content words. As they move toward Grade 3, we also focus on function words so children can grasp relationships between words and the structure of sentences. From Pre-2 onward, we expand that into the ability to read quickly and accurately, understand what they read, and organize their own ideas in writing. At higher levels, children also need to summarize, consider multiple perspectives, and explain ideas logically.
We add print while preserving the ability to understand meaning directly from spoken English.
We shape the English children already have into usable ability in this order: reading, organizing word meaning, understanding sentences, thinking, and writing.
Rather than treating passing as the only goal, we use it to see what a child can do now and what should be strengthened next.
Eiken preparation begins by organizing the English ability a child already has
Children who have heard a great deal of English at home already have a solid ability to understand spoken English by the time they begin Eiken. They have listened to streams of English sounds, treated them not as school material but as real language, and connected them to situations and contexts in order to understand meaning.
What they need next is to organize that English so it can be used in a test setting. The sequence is Listen → Read → Organize word meaning → Understand sentences → Think → Write & Speak.
The basic direction does not change as children move from Eiken Grade 5 to Grade 4, Grade 3, and Pre-2. Rather than memorizing a completely different body of English knowledge at each stage, we draw out the abilities already inside their English, one by one, as they become necessary.
We view Eiken preparation not as time spent “studying English,” but as time spent organizing the English children have built and expanding how they can use it.
The first thing to build is English children understand by ear
Children’s English begins with sound. They listen to the English coming in through their ears, pull words out of that stream, and connect them to real situations and events in order to grasp meaning.
What is built there is a bond between Meaning ⇄ Sound. Instead of translating everything into Japanese each time they hear English, children connect from the English they hear directly to meaning and mental images.
When children begin learning print, we add written language to that bond: Meaning ⇄ Sound ⇄ Print. Once familiar spoken words gain spelling, children can take in English not only through their ears, but also through their eyes.
We should not reattach a Japanese translation to every word or ask children to convert English into Japanese before understanding it. Instead, we preserve the English processing built through listening and expand it into reading ability.
Build English ability first, then move on to Eiken once children can read
For young children, the English they know by ear and the English they can answer with on a test do not always match. They may understand what they hear. They may catch the meaning of short sentences. But they may not yet read print well enough, or they may understand the question itself without being familiar with the format.
At this stage, the priority is not putting children into the test right away. It is building a state in which they can hear English and read it. First, build English ability. Next, build reading ability. Then use Eiken to confirm that progress.
When Eiken becomes the goal, it is easy to head in the direction of “Let’s memorize the words for this level” or “Let’s teach this grammar point.” If English ability is developed first, Eiken becomes a place to use the skills children already have.
This order is especially important in the preschool and elementary years. Rather than climbing the Eiken ladder one level at a time, build the listening and comprehension foundation first—the same foundation that leads all the way to higher levels. Then, once children become able to read, they often move through the higher levels one after another.
Grade 5 — Connect the English children know by ear to print
The first task on the way to Grade 5 is reading. Children who have acquired English through listening already know many sounds. The next step is connecting those sounds to print.
With picture books, sound, meaning, and print come in together. When children begin to see words they already know by ear, they start to connect the sound to its spelling: “So this is how that sound is written.”
From there, phonics helps children learn basic letter-sound relationships, rhyming helps them notice sound patterns, and sight words help them recognize high-frequency words quickly.
However, English spelling and sound do not line up in a simple one-to-one way. After children learn the basic rules through phonics and related work, they need exposure to a great deal of English so they can recognize spelling-sound groupings as patterns. At this stage, Spells-to-Sounds can also be used to organize spelling-sound relationships.
What we do for Grade 5 is expand the English children know by ear into English they can also understand through print.
Phonics
Learn the basic relationships between letters and sounds.
Rhyming
Learn to notice groups and patterns of sounds.
Sight words
Build quick recognition of high-frequency words.
Grade 4 — Organize the meanings of words children already know
Once children can read print to some extent, the next step is making sure they can pull meaning out of the words they read. The key here is content words, the words that carry meaning—nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and the like.
For nouns, children can group together words with related meanings—animals, foods, school, family, furniture, transportation, and so on. For adjectives and adverbs, contrasts such as big / small and fast / slow make meaning clearer. For verbs, rather than memorizing one Japanese gloss, children deepen understanding through collocations and chunks: what words the verb appears with and the kinds of situations where it is used.
Children who have acquired English through listening already know many words. But their understanding is often still broad and category-based. At Grade 4, instead of reconnecting each word to Japanese one by one, we organize meaning within English itself so that children can pull out the meaning they need when they read.
Nouns
Group together words with related meanings, such as animals, foods, school, family, furniture, and transportation.
Adjectives & adverbs
Use contrasts such as big / small and fast / slow to make meaning clearer.
Verbs
Go beyond a single translation and deepen understanding through collocations and chunks.
Grade 3 — Use function words to understand how sentences work
If children understand nouns and verbs, they can usually catch the rough meaning of a sentence. What becomes important next for more precise understanding is function words.
Function words create relationships between words. Who are we talking about? Where is something located? Is it possible? Is it necessary? Is this a reason? A condition? How are two ideas connected? Once these relationships become visible, children stop seeing English as a line of separate words and begin understanding it as a structure.
Children have already heard many of these words through their English experience. So rather than making them memorize a grammar system from scratch, we organize through print the intuitions they have built through listening and context. As they begin to see what function words are doing inside sentences they already know, the structure of sentences gradually becomes clear.
At the stage where children are organizing content words and function words within English, Eiken SKILLS Online Lessons can also be used.
Pre-2 — Move from sounding out print to reading for meaning
From Pre-2 onward, the ability to read passages becomes especially important.
If a child is still converting each English spelling into sound one piece at a time—and using up working memory just to do that—it is impossible to keep tracking the meaning of the whole passage. What is needed instead is a state where the English sound rises instantly when the child sees the print.See the print → hear the English sound → understand the meaning
At first, much of working memory is spent simply decoding the print. But once reading becomes more automatic and that burden becomes smaller, children can devote more cognitive resources to understanding the content of the passage. One useful approach here is soku-doku reading. Instead of stopping to translate each sentence into Japanese, children keep reading at a steady pace in English word order. 7-day English is well suited to this kind of training.
“Being able to sound out print” and “being able to read and understand a passage” are not the same. From Pre-2 onward, the bridge between the two is fluent reading with speed.
Writing — Decide what to say before trying to write it in English
In writing, ideas have to come before English. Suppose a child is asked, “What is your favorite season?” Instead of stopping at a one-word answer like “Summer,” the child thinks about why summer is their favorite. Because they can swim. Because there is a long vacation. Because they can read lots of books. One opinion should lead to several reasons.
Jumping straight into English composition rarely works. First, children need to decide what they think, why they think it, and what reasons support it. Only after organizing that content do they use the English they already have to express it.
We also guide children away from writing in Japanese first and then converting it into English. Instead, they learn to understand the prompt in English, organize their thoughts, and express them directly in English. That helps not only with writing, but with interviews as well.
At the stage of aligning English ability to real test formats such as writing, listening, and interviews, Eiken Online Lessons can also be used to organize spelling-sound relationships.
Example: “My favorite season is summer” — pull out several reasons
Because I can swim. Because there is a long vacation. Because I can read lots of books.
Grade 2 and above — Move from English questions to thinking questions
As the levels rise, what is required becomes broader. Children need to read English passages, understand word meanings, and understand sentence structure. Beyond that, they must decide their own position on what they have read, give reasons, and explain those reasons logically.
In writing, children need a structure of Opinion → Reason → Supporting explanation. In summaries, they do not keep everything that was written. Instead, they choose the central information and reconstruct it concisely.
As topics become more complex, children also need to consider a single issue from several directions—advantages and disadvantages, cause and effect, pros and cons, or what changes under different conditions.
At this stage, what matters is what children understand through English, what they think about it, and how they communicate it in a logical order. The higher the level, the more thinking skills are layered on top of English ability.
Use Eiken to identify a child’s current level and the next skill to build
English ability is connected. Children listen and understand. They read print. They understand word meaning. They grasp relationships inside sentences. They understand whole passages. They organize their own thinking. Then they write and speak about it in English.
Eiken lets us place a series of checkpoints along that path. At Grade 5, we look at reading. At Grade 4, we organize word meaning. At Grade 3, we use function words to understand sentences. At Pre-2, children read longer texts and turn their thinking into writing. Beyond that, they summarize, consider multiple perspectives, and build logical arguments.
Each new level is not about memorizing something entirely new. It is about building on the skills already drawn out at earlier stages and adding the next ability that is needed. In this way, when we treat Eiken as a place to draw out the abilities children have already built through home English, the value of Eiken within home English during the preschool and elementary years becomes much clearer.
What can this child do right now?
What should we strengthen next?
By checking that current position, we can follow the child’s growth across the whole progression of English ability: listen → read → understand → think → express.
Frequently asked questions
When should we start Eiken preparation?
First, make sure children hear enough English to build the ability to understand it by ear. After that, help them learn to read print and reach a point where they can read English sentences with some fluency before moving on to Eiken. English ability comes first; fitting that ability to the test format comes second.
Which level should children start with?
In most cases, children should start with Grade 5. The goal is to help them recognize in print the English they already know by ear and connect “English they understand by listening” to “English they understand by reading.”
Should children memorize vocabulary through Japanese translations?
We do not center instruction on memorizing one-to-one English-Japanese equivalents. Instead, we organize meaning through relationships inside English itself: semantic groups for nouns, contrasts for adjectives, and collocations or chunks for verbs.
Do children need formal grammar instruction for Grade 3?
Rather than focusing on grammar terminology itself, we help children see how determiners, prepositions, pronouns, auxiliary verbs, question words, and conjunctions work inside sentences. Once function words make sense, relationships between words and the structure of sentences become much easier to see.
What becomes important at Pre-2?
The key is the ability to read and understand passages. Children need to move beyond slowly decoding one word at a time and reach a point where seeing the print instantly activates the English sound so they can keep following the meaning.
How should children practice writing?
First, children organize their opinion and their reasons. Once they know what they want to say, they use the English they already have to express it. Rather than writing in Japanese first and then translating, they move toward understanding the English prompt, thinking in response to it, and answering in English.
What changes at the higher levels?
In addition to reading, understanding word meaning, and understanding sentences, children need to decide on an opinion, organize reasons, summarize, think from multiple perspectives, and explain ideas logically.
How far should children go with Eiken?
Rather than treating the level itself as the final goal, look at what children became able to do in the process of reaching that level. Use Eiken to confirm where they are now while continuing to build reading, understanding, thinking, and expression in sequence.
